Glossary Telecom – E (Part 1)

1. What is enhanced cell id? 

Enhanced Cell ID, E-CellID is a situating highlight presented in rel9 E-UTRA. Enhanced cell ID aggregates together some generally accessible estimations, some of them with expanded precision necessities to advance the situating precision capacities. 

2. What is an Emergency cell session control function? 

The E-CSCF is intended to facilitate assistance for emergency services dialling. The E-CSCF can utilize the services of the Location Retrieval Function. The E-CSCF will take in requests from the Proxy CSCF and Serving CSCF and route emergency session requests to a reasonable forward objective like a Public Safety Answering Point. 

3. What is an Enhanced dedicated channel? 

Enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) is a particular resource utilized for the assistance of High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). In HSUPA, an upgraded dedicated channel is permitted for lower latency and quick transmission, diminishing end-client delays in the framework. It is a protocol to make high uplink speeds for information packets in 3G frameworks.  

4. What is the enhanced observed time difference? 

Enhanced observed time difference (E-OTD) observes the time contrast of reached signal from three base stations. It can be carried out without changing the organization. A Location Measurement Unit (LMU) can be utilized to assess the transmission time offset between two base stations. This estimation is called the Real Time Difference (RTD). The E-OTD standard gives a technique for pseudo-synchronisation.

5. What is an E-utran radio access bearer? 

An E-RAB (E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearer) alludes to the link of an S1 bearer and the related radio bearer. At the point when an E-RAB exists, there is a balanced mapping among this E-RAB and an EPS bearer of the Non Access Stratum. E-RAB QoS – this element portrays the Quality Class Identifier that characterizes QoS parameters like end to end delay, bit error rates and so forth. 

6. What is ECO (European Communications Office)? 

The ERO and ETO Offices are replaced with a single European Communications Office (ECO), whose functions have been converged to form the Electronic Communications Committee, and in order to build effectiveness. ECO is the part of the general reform being undertaken inside the CEPT, explicitly the progressions to the former ERC and ECTRA. The Convention for the Establishment of the European Communications Office (ECO) finally came into force on 1 March 2013.

7. What is ECO EFIS (European Communications Office Frequency Information System)? 

EFIS is a data portal for public data on the utilization of radio spectrum especially inside the nations of CEPT/EU. It empowers search and correlation of recurrence groups task and use in CEPT Member States. It gives particulars of radio interfaces and data on radio spectrum rights of utilization incorporating conceivable outcomes of spectrum trading and it alludes to CEPT Decisions and different records applicable to recurrence groups. 

8. What is eCoMP (enhanced CoMP)? 

Enhanced Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) is a method of separating the baseband capacities to diminish traffic strain on the fiber. eCPRI will be utilized to assist 5G by empowering expanded productivity. eCPRI will operate on an open interface, with shared equipment permitting more assembly in the industry as carriers supplement networks. It will give adaptable radio information transmission through a packet based fronthaul network, for instance IP or Ethernet.

9. What is ECS (Electronic communications services)? 

An ECS is a web access administration in the UK. It is in section 32(2B) of the Communications Act 2003 (CA 2003). It is any other service comprising, or having as its principal feature, the transmission of signals, for example, a transmission administration utilized for machine-to-machine administrations and for broadcasting. 

10. What is ECSD (Enhanced Circuit Switched Data)?   

Enhanced Circuit-Switched Data (ECSD) is an upgrade of a GSM network. The EDGE is presented on top of the High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data (HSCSD) administration. It is utilized to convey information in circuit-switched mode on a few schedule openings. ECSD will improve the information rates of HSCSD through the presentation of another modulation scheme (8-PSK) and the presentation of new error correction schemes. ECSD works with a versatile change of the information rate as per the transmission quality.

11. What is ECT (Explicit communication transfer)? 

The Explicit Communication Transfer (ECT) administration gives a party associated with a communication to send that communication to a third party. There are three types of transfer the data, first is transferor, the party starts the send the dynamic correspondence that it has with the transferee; second is transferee, the party which stays in the communication which is conveyed; and transfer target, the party which the communication is conveyed to and which replaces the transferor in the communication.

12. What is ED (Enhanced Data Rate)? 

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) permits further developed information transmission rates as a backward-compatible augmentation of GSM. It was started in 2003 by Cingular in the United States. It utilizes a backward-compatible extension of GSM of digital mobile technology. It utilizes 8PSK modulation in order to accomplish a higher information transmission rate. The modulation arrangement was changed to 8PSK from GMSK. This gives a benefit as it can pass on 3 bits per symbol, and enhance the maximum data rate.

13. What is EDCA (Enhanced distributed channel access)? 

The contention based channel access technique called Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) is considered as the mandatory mode for Medium Access Control (MAC) in IEEE 802.11e. The term EDCA is utilized in wireless organizations supporting the IEEE 802.11e Quality of Service upgrade. 

 It upholds separated and dispersed admittance to the Wireless Medium utilizing eight unique client priority sub fields supporting four Voice, Video, Best Effort and Background Access Categories. 

14. What is EDCH (Enhanced Dedicated Channel)?

The E-DPCCH is the uplink physical channel utilized to communicate control signalling related to the E-DCH. Enhanced dedicated channel takes into consideration lower latency and quick transmission, diminishing end-user delays in the framework. Various sorts of E-DCH incorporate Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel and Enhanced Dedicated Physical Control Channel.

15. What is EDE (Encrypt-Decrypt-Encrypt)? 

Triple DES works in three stages and is known as Encrypt-Decrypt-Encrypt (EDE). It operates by taking three 56-bit keys that are K1, K2 and K3, and encrypting first with K1, decrypting next with K2 and encrypting a last time with K3. 3DES has two-key and three-key forms.  

16. What is EDPCCH (Enhanced Downlink Physical Control Channel)? 

The enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH) has been presented in 3GPP LTE Release 11. The plan objectives of the EPDCCH incorporate the capacity to assist enhancement downlink control channel capacity, beamforming and upgrade spatial reuse, and frequency-domain intercell interference coordination. 

17. What is EDR (Event Data Record)? 

An event data recorder (EDR) alluded to as an automotive black box. It is a device introduced in certain automobiles to record data identified with car accidents. EDRs can be straightforward or complex in design, and reach. They can have a significant effect on highway safety, supporting real-world information collection to better define the auto security issue, aiding in law enforcement, and understanding the specific aspects of a crash. 

18. What is EDT (Early data transmission)? 

Early Data Transmission (EDT), further develops the device battery life and lessens the message latency. The EDT method empowers a transmitter to communicate small IoT information so that the main radio does not have to be in full activity for information reception. EDT can empower further developed battery life by right around 3 years and lessen message latency by over 3 seconds contrasted with the Release 13 execution. 

19. What is EE (Energy efficiency)? 

Energy efficiency alludes to the decrease of energy utilization by utilizing less energy to achieve a similar measure of useful output. Energy efficiency is a movement that seeks to enhance the utilization of energy sources.

20. What is EEA (EPS encryption algorithm)? 

  The EPS Encryption Algorithms are each appointed a 4 bit identifier. The EPS Encryption Algorithms (EEA) are algorithms that operate with internal 128-bit blocks under the 128-bit input key except the Null ciphering algorithm.  LTE confidentiality algorithm EEA is a symmetric simultaneous stream cipher. This kind of ciphering has the benefit of creating the mask of information before getting the information to encrypt, which assists to save time.

21. What is EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory)? 

EEPROM was created by George Perlegos in 1978 at Intel. EEPROM is a sort of non-volatile memory utilized in PCs, incorporated in microcontrollers for smart cards and remote keyless systems, and other electronic devices to store relatively small amounts of data by allowing individual bytes to be eradicated and reprogrammed. EEPROMs were restricted to single-byte activities, which made them slower, however modern EEPROMs permit multi-byte page tasks. 

22. What is EESS (Earth Exploration Satellite Systems)? 

It is characterized as radiocommunication administration among earth stations and one or more space stations, which might incorporate connections between space stations, in which data identifying with the characteristics of the Earth and its natural phenomena, incorporate information relating to the condition of the climate, is gotten from passive or active sensors on satellites and data may be conveyed to earth stations inside the framework concerned. 

23. What is EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)? 

Enhanced Full Rate is a speech coding standard that was created in order to enhance the quality of GSM. Enhanced Full Rate was created by Nokia and the Université de Sherbrooke. GSM EFR additionally determines the change between A-law PCM and 13-bit uniform PCM. Execution necessities for the audio input and output parts are incorporated only to the extent that they influence the transcoder execution. 

24. What is EGP (External Gateway Protocol)? 

The Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) was a routing protocol. It is utilized to associate distinctive autonomous frameworks on the Internet. EGP was as often as possible utilized by research establishments, colleges, government agencies and private associations, to interconnect autonomous frameworks. It was supplanted by the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). EGP examines the status of neighbours and tells neighbours the networks. 

25. What is EH (Energy Harvesting)? 

EDT is used to derive energy from external sources such as solar power, nuclear power, wind energy, and kinetic energy, also known as ambient energy, which are caught, and stored for small, wireless devices utilized in wireless sensor networks. Energy harvesting can be utilized to offer an alternative to batteries. The execution and capability of energy-harvesting devices rely on the execution and explicit properties of materials. 

26. What isEHF (Extremely high frequency)? 

Extremely high frequency (EHF) is the International Telecommunication Union assignment for the band of radio frequencies in the electromagnetic range from 30 to 300 gigahertz range. Extremely high frequency (EHF) waves can convey a gigantic measure of information and discover wide application in radar, straightforward sort terrestrial communications, and satellite communications.

27. What is eHRPD (Evolved high rate packet data)? 

Evolved High Rate Packet Data (eHRPD) network incorporates save first network data demonstrating whether a channel frequency corresponds to an evolved High Rate Packet Data (eHRPD) network inside a first persistent memory. The cycle additionally incorporates putting away second network data showing whether the channel frequency corresponds to a High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) network. The interaction further incorporates keeping up with Internet Protocol (IP) continuity according to the first and second network data put away inside the first and second persistent memories.

28. What is eICIC (enhanced inter-cell interference coordination)? 

The enhanced ICIC (eICIC) is introduced in 3GPP LTE Release-10 to manage impedance problems in HetNets, and mitigate interference on traffic and control channels. eICIC  enhances the coverage area of the cells without increasing downlink power. eICIC is particularly significant when Carrier Aggregation (CA) is not utilized. The execution of improved Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC) for LTE-A is examined with the Macro cell muted for various Almost Blank Subframe (ABS) patterns. The activity of time domain eICIC is joined with Pico cell adaptive smart antenna to improve eICIC. 

29. What is EID (Endpoint identifiers)? 

An endpoint identifier (EID) is an IPv4 or IPv6 address.  It is utilized to distinguish an endpoint on the network. Endpoint identifiers are explicitly utilized in Nimrod internetworking and routing architecture. These EIDs assist mark endpoints, a gateway where a locator gives the data about the topological location of the endpoint. Nimrod routing design, which deals with the flow of topological data being shared over an internetwork. Nimrod utilizes endpoint identifiers to characterize endpoints in the entire design. 

30. What is eDRX (Extended discontinuous reception) ?     

eDRX is created by portable network normalization body 3GPP and presented in 3GPP Rel.13. The eDRX empowers application engineers to change how long an edge device stays in low-power sleep mode before it wakes up to listen for any network indications for information. The maximum sleep time for eDRX ranges from as long as 43 minutes for devices utilizing LTE-M LPWA networks, to as long as three hours for devices utilizing NB-IoT LPWA networks. The minimum sleep time for LTE-M can be 320 milliseconds and for NB-IoT is 10.24 seconds. 

31. What is EIFS (Extended InterFrame Space)? 

 Extended Interframe space (EIFS) is utilized in IEEE 802.11 based WLANs. It tends to be guaranteed that the ACK can be sent by the concerned station without interference from different stations which could not decode the original frame by utilizing the EISF waiting period. EIFS are found in IEEE 802.11. EIFS has a variable value and is utilized when there has been an error in frame transmission. It is not utilized to control access onto the radio connection.

32. What is EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)? 

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is utilized for automating routing arrangement on a computer network. EIGRP is utilized to share routes with different routers within the similar autonomous framework on a router. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) empowers routers to exchange data more effectively than Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) or Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). EIGRP can be deployed on Internet Protocol networks, like IPv4 and IPv6. 

33. What is EIR (Equipment identity register)? 

The Equipment Identity Register (EIR) is a network entity utilized in GSM. EIR saves lists of International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers, which correspond to physical handsets. The EIR element can be utilized to lessen the quantity of GSM handset thefts by giving a system that permits network administrators to keep taken or prohibited handsets from accessing the network. An Equipment Identity Register (EIR) assists administrators with shielding their

 networks and revenues from unauthorized devices being utilized. 

34. What is EIR (excess information rate)? 

EIR is a segment of the bandwidth profile traffic boundaries relevant to a service running over Ethernet networks. It is the extreme supported data rate by which a client can exceed its CIR, that the traffic may not be conveyed across the network because of traffic policing.

35. What is EM (Element Management)? 

An element management system (EMS) oversees at least one of a particular sort of telecommunications network elements (NE). oversees capacities and abilities inside each NE except doesn’t deal with the traffic between various NEs in the network. It additionally gives establishment to execute TMN – layered operations support systems (OSS) architectures for better operability and meeting stringent QoS necessities. 

36. What is eMBB (enhanced MBB)? 

eMBB could be accessible as early as 2019. Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) is, in straightforward terms, an expansion of administrations originally empowered by 4G LTE networks that considers for a high data rate across a wide coverage area. eMBB will give the more capacity important to assist peak information rates both for enormous groups and for end clients who are on the move. 

37. What is EMC (electromagnetic compatibility)? 

Electromagnetic compatibility implies that a device is viable with its electromagnetic climate and it does not radiate levels of EM energy that cause electromagnetic interference (EMI) in different devices. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the capacity of electrical hardware and frameworks to work acceptably in their electromagnetic climate, by restricting the propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy which might cause undesirable impacts like electromagnetic interference (EMI). 

38. What is EMF (Electromagnetic Field)? 

An electromagnetic field is created by accelerating electric charges. A stationary charge will create an electric field in the encompassing space. A magnetic field is also generated, in the event that the charge is moving. An electric field can be created likewise by a changing magnetic field. The electromagnetic field is created by mutual collaboration of electric and magnetic fields, which is  having its own existence in space apart from the currents with which it may be connected.

39. What is EMI (Electromagnetic interference)? 

Electromagnetic interference (EMI), additionally called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum. It is a disturbance created by an outside source which influences an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling. EMI as often as possible influences AM radios. It can likewise influence cell phones, radios, and TV. EMI can be utilized  for radio jamming, as in electronic warfare. 

40. What is EMM (EPS mobility management)? 

The EPS Mobility Management (EMM) states that outcome from the mobility management methodology for example Attach and Tracking Area Update procedures. EMM states are kept up by NAS layers inside UE and MME. These states decide if UE is reachable and regardless of whether a UE can get administrations. The two main EMM states are EMM-Deregistered and EMM-registered.